ST WILFRID, Bishop, 634-709AD
Born to a wealthy family in Northumberland, Wilfrid was second generation
Christian.
Although the native Britons were mainly Christians when Roman influence
waned in the 5th Century, waves of Anglo-Saxons had invaded and brought
their Pagan gods. This was also a time of struggle for dominance within
the Church between the Irish/Scottish Celtic Christianity and the Roman
tradition.
Wilfrid had an interest in the things of God from a young age and went to
study in Lindisfarne, a centre of Celtic Christianity, under St Aidan.
Intent on continuing his education Wilfrid set out to travel to Rome, but
was beguiled by the high lifestyle of the Archbishop of Lyon and stayed
for quite a while there living the high-life.
Eventually he arrived in Rome about 654, when he was about 20. He stayed
for a short while, but returned to Lyon where he continued his education
under the patronage of the Archbishop.
However, the Archbishop's wealth and ways caused jealousy among the
secular powers and he was put to death along with many of his entourage.
Wilfrid's status as a foreign nobleman, who was known to the local king,
saved him from an early death.
At the age of about 27 we find Wilfrid setting up a magnificent new abbey
at Ripon in Yorkshire with fine stonework using skilled men he had brought
from France.
The division between the Celtic and the Roman Church threatened to break
into violence so in 664 the newly ordained Wilfrid took his seat as an
'expert' at the Council of Whitby and championed the cause of Rome. Rome
won.
A year later, Wilfrid was appointed by the Pope as Bishop of York he went
to France for a proper Episcopal consecration, as he didn't trust that
ordination from the Celtic tradition would be valid. However, he dallied
so long in France that another man (Saint Chad) was put in as bishop of
York.
Wilfrid returned to his abbey in Ripon fuming.
Theodore, a learned Greek who had just been appointed as Archbishop of
Canterbury, came to Wilfrid's aid three years later. He said that Chad had
been irregularly ordained. Chad went away meekly to be an abbot and
Wilfrid took up York.
Immediately he set about restoring the Cathedral and other churches in the
diocese.
He provided funds for their upkeep and soon had amassed a great fortune for
the Church and incidentally the only link with the Lancashire side of the
Pennines as he owned much land in the Ribble Valley.
Wilfrid loved a good show and though he lived modestly without personal
excess he presided over many a magnificent celebrations and some feasts
that went on for three days solid.
His fortune and growing power earned the jealously and fear of the secular
powers.
Egfrid, the King of Northumberland, had taken a dislike to Wilfrid when
the latter had supported the wishes of Egfrid's wife to remain consecrated
to God and withhold conjugal rights. (She was a widow when she married and
was many years older than the king)
The chance for revenge came in 678, Egfrid called up the Archbishop of
Canterbury when Wilfrid was away doing a spot of missionary work. The King
suggested that York was too large a diocese and for its better running
should be split up. The Archbishop agreed as the proposal had much to
commend it pastorally. But upon his return Wilfrid, finding his diocese
now shrunk was livid and went off to Rome to complain.
A combination of relatively slow transport, keeping out of the way of
enemies and the enjoyment of Continental ways of life Wilfrid again took a
while.
It was two years before Wilfrid was back in England, vindicated by
Rome. He was accepted back into his somewhat smaller diocese, but only for
a while. Egfrid soon banished him, so Wilfrid, not being a man to waste
his time in lamenting his misfortune, went off to do missionary work with
the Saxons. In 681 Wilfrid came to Bosham (Bosanhamm) where he came across Dicul and his monks and whereupon the Venerable Bede
records the conversion
to Christianity of our forefathers!
A year after the death of Egfrid in 685, Wilfrid returned to take up York.
He remained in power for five years, after which he was banished by the
new king who felt Wilfrid was getting too uppity.
In 703 Wilfrid, now aged 69, again travelled to Rome to complain. Again he
was vindicated and three years later took up the Archbishopric York for
the last three years of his life.
Source: St Wilfrids Catholic Church, Preston. Lancs. |
